rus
Issue #1/2015
Б.Павлов
Nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and Photonics is an important trend of development of Russian nanoindustry
Nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and Photonics is an important trend of development of Russian nanoindustry
The organic electronics and photonics have become a cost-effective manufacturing sector creating new jobs; it is going to be quite essential also in terms of the national security and sustainable growth of the Russian economy.
Теги: flexible electronics innovation cluster nanotechnology organic photonics гибкая электроника инновационный кластер нанотехнологии органическая фотоника
In July 2014 following the meeting of the Russian Council for Economic Modernisation and Innovative Development Prime Minister D.Medvedev instructed the Ministry of Industry and some other ministries under the sub-programme "Photonics. The Basic Components and Technologies" of the state programme "Development of Industry and Improvement of its Competitiveness" for 2014-2020 to coordinate search, research, design and development, as well as include in the existing state programmes of the Russian Federation measures to fund promising research in the field of new materials for photonics and new components on their basis.
In the fulfilment of this task, upon the initiative of the Tatarstan branch of the Nanotechnology Society of Russia (NSR) in August last year in Kazan, a joint extended session of NSR on "Arranging Financing for High-Tech Projects, International and Russian Experiences" was held; it proved large-scale R&D development in the organic electronics and photonics and their successful commercialisation as well as the appropriate competencies in research and education centres and industrial enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). The event was attended by representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, the RT Ministry of Industry and Trade of, the RT CCI, the RT Manufacturers and Entrepreneurs’ Association, the RT Academy of Sciences, more than 85 companies, universities, research and design institutes, financial and investment institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan and Moscow as well as foreign partners from Israel and Korea.
Following the meeting, suggestions to the Ministry of Industry of the Russian Federation were made on the establishment of an engineering centre for the coordination and promotion of innovative projects in the field of organic electronics and photonics based on NSR and the state institution Directorate of the Federal Targeted and Regional Programmes as well as the developed sub-programme of the state programme "Development of Industry and Improvement of its Competitiveness". Additional impetus to this work was given by the instruction of the Deputy Prime Minister A.Dvorkovich on 30 October 2014 on the development of photonics sub-programmes. In accordance with this instruction, in December in the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation with the participation of its Honorary Secretary, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences E.Velikhov, President of the NSR, Director General of NT-MTD V.Bykov the annual NSR conference was held to review, approve and then submit to the Government of the Russian Federation the concept of the strategic investment pilot project designed to create a Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics based on convergent technologies.
The concept came out in the framework of the joint implementation by a number of Russian companies and organisations of the state order to attract Russian and international partners and co-investors for the joint development of new industrial technologies, promotion of state-of-the-art facilities to produce components and devices based on the organic photonics and flexible electronics.
The world market
of the organic electronics
and photonics
The concept takes into account the priority trends in the global market of the organic electronics and photonics, the volume of which, according to Industry Report Photonics 2013: Common Market Analysis in 2011, was EUR 350 billion. It is projected that by 2020, it is going to double and reach EUR 625 billion, with an annual growth of 6.5%, of which: in North America – 12%, Europe – 18% in China, South Korea and Japan – more than 20%. The share of Germany in 2011 accounted for 8% of the world market ($ 35 billion), and the annual growth exceeded 7%. In this sector, 134,000 were employed in 2011, in 2020 this number is expected to increase to 165,000.
By 2020, organic photonics will be applied in the following areas: displays – 23%; photovoltaics (photoelectric converters) – 16%; information technologies – 15%; measurement systems and automatic vision systems – 9%; production technologies; security and military technologies; medical technologies and life support systems – 7%; optical components and systems; light sources – 6%; communication technologies – 4%.
Experts of the international consulting firm IDTechEx identified five main areas of the organic electronics and photonics market development:
•Organic photovoltaic cells for solar panels and battery chargers. Major achievements in this area were obtained in the field of flexible chargers including organic thin-film solar cells. Intensive activities are being carried out to create mobile consumer electronics powered by solar panels. A promising area is the creation of autonomous systems with energy-efficient power supply.
•Organic flexible displays. In this area, the key results are achieved in the development of embedded smart cards. In 2014, the first results on the creation of flexible plastic LED displays and collapsible transparent displays were obtained. In the future, it is expected that thin film editor boxes TVs, on which South Korean companies are actively working, will come out.
•Organic LEDs. This area is at the R&D stage. Some research in the field of flexible LEDs, plastic displays as well as various decorative flexible lighting devices is well in progress. Further research is related to the development of new lighting technologies.
•Organic electronic devices. Transparent conductive films were created; some works on the development of light-reflecting elements and devices, embedded flexible sensors are being performed. Promising areas are considered to be the creation of active and passive high-frequency identifiers.
•Built-in intelligent systems based on organic electronics and photonics. Some achievements are expected in the field of smart clothes and smart packing with organic sensors. Smart fibre photonics and electronics are the areas that are the object of much concentrated research.
The use of additive technologies, such as roll-to-roll printing provides additional benefits due to the significant reduction in the cost of production of many kinds of electronic devices including a sharp decline in process equipment investments as compared with the conventional semiconductor factories costing several billion dollars. Thus, the flexible electronics provides not only new applications but it also promotes the use of innovative production technologies. Moreover, the organic photonics and electronics technologies provide energy savings and reduction of industrial waste because the products are biodegradable.
Cluster infrastructure
Now the United States, Israel, Europe and Southeast Asia have more than 200 research centres that develop and manufacture products of organic electronics and photonics. Those centres provide the basis for innovation clusters to speed up generation and commercialisation of innovations in this area.
For example, there are actively developing innovative clusters in organic electronics and photonics created on the basis of public-private partnership in accordance with the triple helix model. For instance, in the United States the organic photonics clusters were established around university centres in New York, Chicago and California. The core of the latter, which is the largest one, is the University of California including Santa Barbara.
In Europe, 10 actively developing innovative clusters in the field of organic electronics and photonics were created:
•in Austria – ISOTEC, develops organic sensors and NILaustria to create the lithography equipment and technologies;
•in Finland – PrintoCent for commercialisation of research in the field of printed electronics;
•in France – Engineering Centre of Plastipolis Polymeric Materials;
•in Greece – a cluster of organic electronics in Thessaloniki;
•in Switzerland flexible optoelectronics develops in the cluster on the Lower Rhine;
•in Holland – Holst Centre open innovation cluster.
At the same time, the world’s largest centres for organic electronics and photonics are Great Britain and Germany. In the UK, the main incubator for start-ups in this area is the Centre for Photonics and Organic Electronics of the University of Cambridge. In Germany, there are several clusters including the incubator Innovation Lab and Organic Electronics Association (OE-A) in Frankfurt, which brings together around 200 organisations.
Top priority in the creation of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics should be attached to interaction with European colleagues, first of all, with a cluster of Saxony (Germany) in the area of Dresden, in which preconditions are provided for the commercialisation of many advanced scientific and technological developments. The cluster is the largest in Europe in terms of research and production of organic semiconductors, and it covers more than 40 companies, 17 research institutes and faculties as well as three virtual network platforms.
concerning the Organic Electronics and Photonics
The key concepts concerning the creation of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics include the integration of domestic and international experiences in arranging production facilities based on breakthrough technologies in civil economies that should comply with the new sixth wave of innovation (techno-economic paradigm). This will allow to solve President V.Putin’s task of providing scientific and technological re-tooling enterprises of the military and industrial sector for the mass production of new-generation armaments and military equipment. In December 2014 a similar mission was assigned by the US President to the Ministry of Defence in the framework of the new Flexible Hybrid Electronics Manufacturing Innovation Institute.
In the organisation of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics it is advisable to make use of the international cooperation with similar bodies from China, Korea, Japan, Germany and other countries taking into account the experience of the United States in the development of dual-use technologies and establishment of project consortia. To effectively manage the creation and development of high-tech industries it is suggested that the well-known cluster model of Porter should be used. Based on this model formed the basic concepts concerning the integrated analysis of features of the organisation of new international, national and regional clusters in the field of organic electronics and photonics accelerate the commercialisation of research and technical results by several times.
The strategic investment project designed to create the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics involves, or is going to involve some leading research centres in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan and other Russian cities. Consents from organisations in Israel, the US and South Korea are obtained. In particular, in accordance with the decision of the Nanotechnology Society of Russia, on 7 August 2014 the Directorate of the Federal and Regional Targeted Programmes entered into an agreement on research and technical cooperation with the International Polymate Research Nanotechnology Centre (Israel) and Nanotech Industries (USA, California), which were represented by O.Figovsky, Research and Development Director, and on 17 December 2014 an agreement on the development and implementation of joint projects and programmes was signed with the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) represented by the President, Professor Yong-Taek Im.
In view of the domestic theoretical and practical research as well as the international experiences in commercialisation of new technologies (e.g. the cluster in Saxony) it can be foreseen that it will take no more than 12 years to establish the Russian electronics and photonics cluster. The project implementation will include the introduction of world-class training for start-ups and research and technology centres thus making it possible to develop and produce new and effective materials for organic electronics and photonics, the technology to create new devices and new process equipment.
To speed up the commercialisation of innovations in the field of organic electronics and photonics an effective system of innovative engineering is necessary including the package financing tools of high-tech projects based on public-private partnership. Establishment of a Russian engineering company involving foreign partners with a parallel implementation of the international competence development system, transfer of technologies and standards in the field of organic electronics and photonics will make it possible to carry out the project designed to create a Russian nanotechnology cluster in 4 years.
The purpose of the engineering company is to embed an innovative product in the multi-dimensional space of the future subject to the following conditions:
•an innovation should fully meet future needs, meet the environmental and energy-saving requirements, safety and efficiency requirements;
•those involved in the creation of innovative products should have the most advanced competencies and methods of design and implementation of innovative projects;
•during the development lifecycle including the phases of design, implementation, promotion and deployment of innovations, the project should use the state-of-the-art and efficient methods of work and interaction between participants.
•To implement the concept of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics, the System of Manage Full Lifecycle of Innovation Project (SMFLIP) is developed and piloted, a part of which is innovative project engineering. The system provides appropriate training and covers all the main stages of development and implementation of high-tech projects:
•Research and Development (R&D), generating ideas based on the achievements of fundamental science and modern technologies to the benefit of current and projected needs);
•selection and review of the ideas submitted for consideration together with all the stakeholders in the innovation process including investors through public-private partnerships;
•development of technologies (design and development work, innovation concept development and verification);
•development of a marketing strategy (market research and selection of a potential market segment for innovations);
•preparation of a feasibility study (for an innovative project based on the technical innovation of proposals, definition of the costs for all types of resources, the number of employees, terms of the project and cost-effectiveness of the innovation project);
•development of the design and project documentation;
•production and marketing arrangements, upgrading the production
In general, the successful promotion of the works designed to create the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics largely depends on the timely adoption by the Russian Government of the resolutions concerning the organisational and financial support to the engineering centre, project teams and consortia of companies that operate in this area.
In the fulfilment of this task, upon the initiative of the Tatarstan branch of the Nanotechnology Society of Russia (NSR) in August last year in Kazan, a joint extended session of NSR on "Arranging Financing for High-Tech Projects, International and Russian Experiences" was held; it proved large-scale R&D development in the organic electronics and photonics and their successful commercialisation as well as the appropriate competencies in research and education centres and industrial enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan (RT). The event was attended by representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, the RT Ministry of Industry and Trade of, the RT CCI, the RT Manufacturers and Entrepreneurs’ Association, the RT Academy of Sciences, more than 85 companies, universities, research and design institutes, financial and investment institutions of the Republic of Tatarstan and Moscow as well as foreign partners from Israel and Korea.
Following the meeting, suggestions to the Ministry of Industry of the Russian Federation were made on the establishment of an engineering centre for the coordination and promotion of innovative projects in the field of organic electronics and photonics based on NSR and the state institution Directorate of the Federal Targeted and Regional Programmes as well as the developed sub-programme of the state programme "Development of Industry and Improvement of its Competitiveness". Additional impetus to this work was given by the instruction of the Deputy Prime Minister A.Dvorkovich on 30 October 2014 on the development of photonics sub-programmes. In accordance with this instruction, in December in the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation with the participation of its Honorary Secretary, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences E.Velikhov, President of the NSR, Director General of NT-MTD V.Bykov the annual NSR conference was held to review, approve and then submit to the Government of the Russian Federation the concept of the strategic investment pilot project designed to create a Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics based on convergent technologies.
The concept came out in the framework of the joint implementation by a number of Russian companies and organisations of the state order to attract Russian and international partners and co-investors for the joint development of new industrial technologies, promotion of state-of-the-art facilities to produce components and devices based on the organic photonics and flexible electronics.
The world market
of the organic electronics
and photonics
The concept takes into account the priority trends in the global market of the organic electronics and photonics, the volume of which, according to Industry Report Photonics 2013: Common Market Analysis in 2011, was EUR 350 billion. It is projected that by 2020, it is going to double and reach EUR 625 billion, with an annual growth of 6.5%, of which: in North America – 12%, Europe – 18% in China, South Korea and Japan – more than 20%. The share of Germany in 2011 accounted for 8% of the world market ($ 35 billion), and the annual growth exceeded 7%. In this sector, 134,000 were employed in 2011, in 2020 this number is expected to increase to 165,000.
By 2020, organic photonics will be applied in the following areas: displays – 23%; photovoltaics (photoelectric converters) – 16%; information technologies – 15%; measurement systems and automatic vision systems – 9%; production technologies; security and military technologies; medical technologies and life support systems – 7%; optical components and systems; light sources – 6%; communication technologies – 4%.
Experts of the international consulting firm IDTechEx identified five main areas of the organic electronics and photonics market development:
•Organic photovoltaic cells for solar panels and battery chargers. Major achievements in this area were obtained in the field of flexible chargers including organic thin-film solar cells. Intensive activities are being carried out to create mobile consumer electronics powered by solar panels. A promising area is the creation of autonomous systems with energy-efficient power supply.
•Organic flexible displays. In this area, the key results are achieved in the development of embedded smart cards. In 2014, the first results on the creation of flexible plastic LED displays and collapsible transparent displays were obtained. In the future, it is expected that thin film editor boxes TVs, on which South Korean companies are actively working, will come out.
•Organic LEDs. This area is at the R&D stage. Some research in the field of flexible LEDs, plastic displays as well as various decorative flexible lighting devices is well in progress. Further research is related to the development of new lighting technologies.
•Organic electronic devices. Transparent conductive films were created; some works on the development of light-reflecting elements and devices, embedded flexible sensors are being performed. Promising areas are considered to be the creation of active and passive high-frequency identifiers.
•Built-in intelligent systems based on organic electronics and photonics. Some achievements are expected in the field of smart clothes and smart packing with organic sensors. Smart fibre photonics and electronics are the areas that are the object of much concentrated research.
The use of additive technologies, such as roll-to-roll printing provides additional benefits due to the significant reduction in the cost of production of many kinds of electronic devices including a sharp decline in process equipment investments as compared with the conventional semiconductor factories costing several billion dollars. Thus, the flexible electronics provides not only new applications but it also promotes the use of innovative production technologies. Moreover, the organic photonics and electronics technologies provide energy savings and reduction of industrial waste because the products are biodegradable.
Cluster infrastructure
Now the United States, Israel, Europe and Southeast Asia have more than 200 research centres that develop and manufacture products of organic electronics and photonics. Those centres provide the basis for innovation clusters to speed up generation and commercialisation of innovations in this area.
For example, there are actively developing innovative clusters in organic electronics and photonics created on the basis of public-private partnership in accordance with the triple helix model. For instance, in the United States the organic photonics clusters were established around university centres in New York, Chicago and California. The core of the latter, which is the largest one, is the University of California including Santa Barbara.
In Europe, 10 actively developing innovative clusters in the field of organic electronics and photonics were created:
•in Austria – ISOTEC, develops organic sensors and NILaustria to create the lithography equipment and technologies;
•in Finland – PrintoCent for commercialisation of research in the field of printed electronics;
•in France – Engineering Centre of Plastipolis Polymeric Materials;
•in Greece – a cluster of organic electronics in Thessaloniki;
•in Switzerland flexible optoelectronics develops in the cluster on the Lower Rhine;
•in Holland – Holst Centre open innovation cluster.
At the same time, the world’s largest centres for organic electronics and photonics are Great Britain and Germany. In the UK, the main incubator for start-ups in this area is the Centre for Photonics and Organic Electronics of the University of Cambridge. In Germany, there are several clusters including the incubator Innovation Lab and Organic Electronics Association (OE-A) in Frankfurt, which brings together around 200 organisations.
Top priority in the creation of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics should be attached to interaction with European colleagues, first of all, with a cluster of Saxony (Germany) in the area of Dresden, in which preconditions are provided for the commercialisation of many advanced scientific and technological developments. The cluster is the largest in Europe in terms of research and production of organic semiconductors, and it covers more than 40 companies, 17 research institutes and faculties as well as three virtual network platforms.
concerning the Organic Electronics and Photonics
The key concepts concerning the creation of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics include the integration of domestic and international experiences in arranging production facilities based on breakthrough technologies in civil economies that should comply with the new sixth wave of innovation (techno-economic paradigm). This will allow to solve President V.Putin’s task of providing scientific and technological re-tooling enterprises of the military and industrial sector for the mass production of new-generation armaments and military equipment. In December 2014 a similar mission was assigned by the US President to the Ministry of Defence in the framework of the new Flexible Hybrid Electronics Manufacturing Innovation Institute.
In the organisation of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics it is advisable to make use of the international cooperation with similar bodies from China, Korea, Japan, Germany and other countries taking into account the experience of the United States in the development of dual-use technologies and establishment of project consortia. To effectively manage the creation and development of high-tech industries it is suggested that the well-known cluster model of Porter should be used. Based on this model formed the basic concepts concerning the integrated analysis of features of the organisation of new international, national and regional clusters in the field of organic electronics and photonics accelerate the commercialisation of research and technical results by several times.
The strategic investment project designed to create the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics involves, or is going to involve some leading research centres in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan and other Russian cities. Consents from organisations in Israel, the US and South Korea are obtained. In particular, in accordance with the decision of the Nanotechnology Society of Russia, on 7 August 2014 the Directorate of the Federal and Regional Targeted Programmes entered into an agreement on research and technical cooperation with the International Polymate Research Nanotechnology Centre (Israel) and Nanotech Industries (USA, California), which were represented by O.Figovsky, Research and Development Director, and on 17 December 2014 an agreement on the development and implementation of joint projects and programmes was signed with the Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM) represented by the President, Professor Yong-Taek Im.
In view of the domestic theoretical and practical research as well as the international experiences in commercialisation of new technologies (e.g. the cluster in Saxony) it can be foreseen that it will take no more than 12 years to establish the Russian electronics and photonics cluster. The project implementation will include the introduction of world-class training for start-ups and research and technology centres thus making it possible to develop and produce new and effective materials for organic electronics and photonics, the technology to create new devices and new process equipment.
To speed up the commercialisation of innovations in the field of organic electronics and photonics an effective system of innovative engineering is necessary including the package financing tools of high-tech projects based on public-private partnership. Establishment of a Russian engineering company involving foreign partners with a parallel implementation of the international competence development system, transfer of technologies and standards in the field of organic electronics and photonics will make it possible to carry out the project designed to create a Russian nanotechnology cluster in 4 years.
The purpose of the engineering company is to embed an innovative product in the multi-dimensional space of the future subject to the following conditions:
•an innovation should fully meet future needs, meet the environmental and energy-saving requirements, safety and efficiency requirements;
•those involved in the creation of innovative products should have the most advanced competencies and methods of design and implementation of innovative projects;
•during the development lifecycle including the phases of design, implementation, promotion and deployment of innovations, the project should use the state-of-the-art and efficient methods of work and interaction between participants.
•To implement the concept of the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics, the System of Manage Full Lifecycle of Innovation Project (SMFLIP) is developed and piloted, a part of which is innovative project engineering. The system provides appropriate training and covers all the main stages of development and implementation of high-tech projects:
•Research and Development (R&D), generating ideas based on the achievements of fundamental science and modern technologies to the benefit of current and projected needs);
•selection and review of the ideas submitted for consideration together with all the stakeholders in the innovation process including investors through public-private partnerships;
•development of technologies (design and development work, innovation concept development and verification);
•development of a marketing strategy (market research and selection of a potential market segment for innovations);
•preparation of a feasibility study (for an innovative project based on the technical innovation of proposals, definition of the costs for all types of resources, the number of employees, terms of the project and cost-effectiveness of the innovation project);
•development of the design and project documentation;
•production and marketing arrangements, upgrading the production
In general, the successful promotion of the works designed to create the Russian nanotechnology cluster in organic electronics and photonics largely depends on the timely adoption by the Russian Government of the resolutions concerning the organisational and financial support to the engineering centre, project teams and consortia of companies that operate in this area.
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