rus
Issue #1/2016
B.Pavlov
Innovative industrial clusters as important tool of modern paradigm of economy’s competitiveness improvement
Innovative industrial clusters as important tool of modern paradigm of economy’s competitiveness improvement
Interview with B.P.Pavlov, honored economist of the Russian Federation and of the Republic of Tatarstan, honored machine builder of the Russian Federation, Chairman of the Board and head of specialized organization of innovative industrial cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya"
Innovative development of the economy requires new approaches to cooperation between industry, financial institutions, scientific and educational institutions and other market participants. One of such approaches is the organization of innovative industrial clusters, not only on a territorial basis, but by specializing in certain areas of science, technology and production. In Russia the scientific-practical projects in this area are initiated by Boris Pavlov, honored economist of the Russian Federation and of the Republic of Tatarstan, Vice-President of Nanotechnological Society of Russia, Chairman of the Board and head of specialized industrial cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya", the General Director of the institution "Directorate of Federal target and regional programs", Executive Director of the RSRIIP Corporation. Earlier (Nanoindustry, 2014, No.1) we have already talked about his work on the creation of an effective integrated management system for rapid development of science and on financing high-tech projects. Now we discuss the goals and objectives of the creation of clusters of a new type, as well as promising projects on their basis.
Mr. Pavlov, what is the essence of activities in the creation of innovative industrial clusters?
First of all, I want to emphasize that the increased competition in today's global economy requires a paradigm shift for the management of the innovation and production processes. So today, in order to enhance the competitiveness of industrial enterprises, an important area of public policy in developed countries is the creation of different types of clusters, which essence consists in the rejection of traditional industrial policy and the transition to the new production system based on the use of advantages of integration and cooperation.
Currently, the Russian government adopted a number of regulations that create the legal framework and regulate the procedure of creation and state support of development of industrial clusters. Innovative industrial clusters, in the framework of existing legislation, should receive the status of the organizations of advanced development to create new technologies, products and markets of the next technological mode. This is achieved by the synergistic effect obtained from an open and simplified access for all members of the cluster to new technologies, financial resources, marketing strategies and new markets. Therefore, participation in the innovative industrial cluster is beneficial even for competing enterprises. In contrast to existing industrial clusters, the main participants in the innovative industrial clusters become the design-engineering and scientific-technological organizations.
What are the main objectives of innovative industrial clusters?
The main objectives of created innovative industrial clusters is to increase the competitiveness of their members through the development and implementation of new technologies, reducing overall costs and improving the efficiency of knowledge-based solutions through the synergies and project-integrated approaches in management, engineering and logistics using modern information technologies. The most important factors to achieve and maintain superiority over competitors is not only innovation and education, but also the relationships among all members of the cluster.
The form of association of all participants of innovative industrial cluster based on vertical integration allows to form a strictly oriented system of dissemination of new knowledge, technologies and innovations. The formation of a network of sustainable relationships between all members of the cluster is a mandatory condition for the effective transformation of inventions and new technologies in innovations and in the competitive advantages of the final product. Overall, innovative industrial cluster, being the most effective form of achieving a high level of competitiveness, is an association of different organizations (research centers, industrial companies, individual entrepreneurs, state bodies, public organizations, universities, etc,), which forms the point of growth in a highly competitive economy.
Tell us about your experience in creation of innovative industrial clusters.
A number of innovative industrial clusters are currently created and developed, in which the institution "Directorate of Federal target and regional programs" operates as specialized organization. These clusters solve urgent economic tasks and belong to the nanotechnology industry, since the production has been performed with the use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials.
For example, the innovative industrial cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya" develops solutions using technology of electrochemical activation and nature-like solutions, which allow to create a unified series of electrochemical modules, high-performance mobile and safe to operate technical systems for the production of major products of the chemical industry, as well as elements and devices based on organic electronics and photonics.
Priority for the Roselektrohimindustriya is the transfer of new universal technologies of electrochemical activation. The main principle of electrochemical activation is the use in technological processes of a metastable substances, which allows in tens time to reduce the concentration of reagents in the solutions and to ensure reagent-free change of physical-chemical properties of water and aqueous solutions. These areas are based on scientific and practical achievements of the Institute of electrochemical systems and technologies, which executes in the cluster functions of the scientific and technological engineering services for the design and fabrication of experimental prototypes and new industrial electrochemical systems.
An important area for the cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya" is research and developments and organization of pilot production of elements and systems of organic electronics and photonics.
How competitive are the cluster’s products?
The relevance of the chosen areas of activity of the Roselektrohimindustriya related to the production of export-oriented and import-substituting products of the chemical industry, such as per sulfuric, peracetic, metaphosphoric acid, concentrated hydrogen peroxide of high purity, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, caustic soda, caustic potash, potassium carbonate (potash), hydrochloric and perchloric acid, and various other products. The transportation and storage of hazardous substances is not required through the organization of their safe production directly to the consumer in the required quantity with a minimum expenditure of energy, time and with guaranteed safety.
Electrochemical units with a capacity of several liters per hour to several thousand cubic meters per day, which are used for high-quality purification and disinfection of drinking water, waste water, water in swimming pools, etc.
The cluster has organized serial production of electrochemical units for the synthesis using simple and easily available starting components (water, salt, baking soda and other) of high-performance, versatile, environmentally friendly cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing treatment solutions of several types: ANOLYTE ANK, ANOLYTE ANK SUPER, ANOLYTE PEROX.
AQUATRON systems for the electrochemical conversion of water and aqueous solutions of electrolytes, as well as for industrial production of various chemical products are equipped with the new electrochemical modular elements.
Another example of competitive products, develop and manufactured in Roselektrohimindustriya on the basis of new nature-like technologies, are the elements and devices of organic electronics and photonics. The demand for such systems, based on optical and electronic properties of thin semiconductor films of organic materials (polymer molecules) is increasing rapidly.
The projects of Roselektrohimindustriya in the field of organic electronics and photonics will be implemented in the following areas:
•Organic solar cells for solar panels and chargers. The main achievements in this direction are obtained in the field of flexible charging devices, including organic thin-film solar panels. Mobile consumer electronics devices, including built-in network, which are charged by solar panels are developed. A promising direction is the development of autonomous networks with energy-efficient power supplies of dual-use;
•Organic flexible displays. In this area the main results are achieved in creation of various built-in smart cards. In 2014, the first results in the field of flexible LED, plastic collapsible displays and transparent displays are achieved. In the future it is expected appearance on the market of thin-film flexible television sets developed by South Korea's Samsung and LG;
•Organic LEDs. This area is under development in technology and design. The researches in the fields of flexible LEDs, plastic displays, as well as various decorative flexible lighting devices are conducted. Further perspectives are connected with development of new lighting technologies;
•Organic electronic devices. The transparent conductive film are already created. Reflective elements and devices, built-in flexible sensors are developed. Promising areas is the creation of high frequency active and passive devices of the dual-purpose identifiers, including the system of "friend or foe";
•Integrated smart systems based on organic electronics and photonics. The results in the field of smart clothes and smart packaging with organic sensors are achieved. Research is conducted in the area of smart fiber electronics and photonics on the fabric fibers of clothing.
Innovative development of the economy requires new approaches to cooperation between industry, financial institutions, scientific and educational institutions and other market participants. One of such approaches is the organization of innovative industrial clusters, not only on a territorial basis, but by specializing in certain areas of science, technology and production. In Russia the scientific-practical projects in this area are initiated by Boris Pavlov, honored economist of the Russian Federation and of the Republic of Tatarstan, Vice-President of Nanotechnological Society of Russia, Chairman of the Board and head of specialized industrial cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya", the General Director of the institution "Directorate of Federal target and regional programs", Executive Director of the RSRIIP Corporation. Earlier (Nanoindustry, 2014, No.1) we have already talked about his work on the creation of an effective integrated management system for rapid development of science and on financing high-tech projects. Now we discuss the goals and objectives of the creation of clusters of a new type, as well as promising projects on their basis.
Mr. Pavlov, what is the essence of activities in the creation of innovative industrial clusters?
First of all, I want to emphasize that the increased competition in today's global economy requires a paradigm shift for the management of the innovation and production processes. So today, in order to enhance the competitiveness of industrial enterprises, an important area of public policy in developed countries is the creation of different types of clusters, which essence consists in the rejection of traditional industrial policy and the transition to the new production system based on the use of advantages of integration and cooperation.
Currently, the Russian government adopted a number of regulations that create the legal framework and regulate the procedure of creation and state support of development of industrial clusters. Innovative industrial clusters, in the framework of existing legislation, should receive the status of the organizations of advanced development to create new technologies, products and markets of the next technological mode. This is achieved by the synergistic effect obtained from an open and simplified access for all members of the cluster to new technologies, financial resources, marketing strategies and new markets. Therefore, participation in the innovative industrial cluster is beneficial even for competing enterprises. In contrast to existing industrial clusters, the main participants in the innovative industrial clusters become the design-engineering and scientific-technological organizations.
What are the main objectives of innovative industrial clusters?
The main objectives of created innovative industrial clusters is to increase the competitiveness of their members through the development and implementation of new technologies, reducing overall costs and improving the efficiency of knowledge-based solutions through the synergies and project-integrated approaches in management, engineering and logistics using modern information technologies. The most important factors to achieve and maintain superiority over competitors is not only innovation and education, but also the relationships among all members of the cluster.
The form of association of all participants of innovative industrial cluster based on vertical integration allows to form a strictly oriented system of dissemination of new knowledge, technologies and innovations. The formation of a network of sustainable relationships between all members of the cluster is a mandatory condition for the effective transformation of inventions and new technologies in innovations and in the competitive advantages of the final product. Overall, innovative industrial cluster, being the most effective form of achieving a high level of competitiveness, is an association of different organizations (research centers, industrial companies, individual entrepreneurs, state bodies, public organizations, universities, etc,), which forms the point of growth in a highly competitive economy.
Tell us about your experience in creation of innovative industrial clusters.
A number of innovative industrial clusters are currently created and developed, in which the institution "Directorate of Federal target and regional programs" operates as specialized organization. These clusters solve urgent economic tasks and belong to the nanotechnology industry, since the production has been performed with the use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials.
For example, the innovative industrial cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya" develops solutions using technology of electrochemical activation and nature-like solutions, which allow to create a unified series of electrochemical modules, high-performance mobile and safe to operate technical systems for the production of major products of the chemical industry, as well as elements and devices based on organic electronics and photonics.
Priority for the Roselektrohimindustriya is the transfer of new universal technologies of electrochemical activation. The main principle of electrochemical activation is the use in technological processes of a metastable substances, which allows in tens time to reduce the concentration of reagents in the solutions and to ensure reagent-free change of physical-chemical properties of water and aqueous solutions. These areas are based on scientific and practical achievements of the Institute of electrochemical systems and technologies, which executes in the cluster functions of the scientific and technological engineering services for the design and fabrication of experimental prototypes and new industrial electrochemical systems.
An important area for the cluster "Roselektrohimindustriya" is research and developments and organization of pilot production of elements and systems of organic electronics and photonics.
How competitive are the cluster’s products?
The relevance of the chosen areas of activity of the Roselektrohimindustriya related to the production of export-oriented and import-substituting products of the chemical industry, such as per sulfuric, peracetic, metaphosphoric acid, concentrated hydrogen peroxide of high purity, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, caustic soda, caustic potash, potassium carbonate (potash), hydrochloric and perchloric acid, and various other products. The transportation and storage of hazardous substances is not required through the organization of their safe production directly to the consumer in the required quantity with a minimum expenditure of energy, time and with guaranteed safety.
Electrochemical units with a capacity of several liters per hour to several thousand cubic meters per day, which are used for high-quality purification and disinfection of drinking water, waste water, water in swimming pools, etc.
The cluster has organized serial production of electrochemical units for the synthesis using simple and easily available starting components (water, salt, baking soda and other) of high-performance, versatile, environmentally friendly cleaning, disinfecting, and sterilizing treatment solutions of several types: ANOLYTE ANK, ANOLYTE ANK SUPER, ANOLYTE PEROX.
AQUATRON systems for the electrochemical conversion of water and aqueous solutions of electrolytes, as well as for industrial production of various chemical products are equipped with the new electrochemical modular elements.
Another example of competitive products, develop and manufactured in Roselektrohimindustriya on the basis of new nature-like technologies, are the elements and devices of organic electronics and photonics. The demand for such systems, based on optical and electronic properties of thin semiconductor films of organic materials (polymer molecules) is increasing rapidly.
The projects of Roselektrohimindustriya in the field of organic electronics and photonics will be implemented in the following areas:
•Organic solar cells for solar panels and chargers. The main achievements in this direction are obtained in the field of flexible charging devices, including organic thin-film solar panels. Mobile consumer electronics devices, including built-in network, which are charged by solar panels are developed. A promising direction is the development of autonomous networks with energy-efficient power supplies of dual-use;
•Organic flexible displays. In this area the main results are achieved in creation of various built-in smart cards. In 2014, the first results in the field of flexible LED, plastic collapsible displays and transparent displays are achieved. In the future it is expected appearance on the market of thin-film flexible television sets developed by South Korea's Samsung and LG;
•Organic LEDs. This area is under development in technology and design. The researches in the fields of flexible LEDs, plastic displays, as well as various decorative flexible lighting devices are conducted. Further perspectives are connected with development of new lighting technologies;
•Organic electronic devices. The transparent conductive film are already created. Reflective elements and devices, built-in flexible sensors are developed. Promising areas is the creation of high frequency active and passive devices of the dual-purpose identifiers, including the system of "friend or foe";
•Integrated smart systems based on organic electronics and photonics. The results in the field of smart clothes and smart packaging with organic sensors are achieved. Research is conducted in the area of smart fiber electronics and photonics on the fabric fibers of clothing.
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