The paper presents the scientific and technical background and activity of the Experimental Factory for Scientific Engineering with the Special Design Bureau of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the field of computer engineering, development and production of high vacuum equipment, as well as related scientific instruments and technological equipment. The project “Factories of the Future”, which is currently being implemented within the NTI (National Technology Initiative), for the development and production of customized vacuum equipment for scientific instruments and high-tech industries has been considered.